Citing Cemetery Marker Images (online)

Cemetery Marker (Online image) (This template is a synthesis of EE QuickCheck Model, p. 215, section 5.16, p. 229, and several online discussions in re: Find A Grave citations.)

• Bibliography (Source List Entry):

<[COMPILER]. ><[ITAL:][REPOSITORY][:ITAL].  >Database and images. <[REPOSITORY ADDRESS]>< : [DATE]>.

Find a Grave Inc.. Find A Grave.  Database and images. http://www.findagrave.com/ : 2009.

• Full footnote (First Reference Note):

<[COMPILER], ><[ITAL:][REPOSITORY][:ITAL], >database and images (<[REPOSITORY ADDRESS] ><: accessed [CD3]>), <[CD1], ><[CD2], ><[CEMETERY], ><[CITY], ><[COUNTY] County, ><[STATE]><, photograph © [CD4]><; [CM]>.

Find a Grave Inc., Find A Grave, database and images (http://www.findagrave.com/ : accessed 1 April 2010), Ellen Jane Wilson (1849-1926) gravestone photograph, section 3, lot 28, Crown Point Cemetery, Kokomo, Howard County, Indiana, photograph © John C. Anderson, 2010<; [CM]>.

• Short footnote (Subsequent Note):

<[COMPILER], ><[ITAL:][REPOSITORY][:ITAL], ><[CD1], ><[SHORT LOCATION]><; [CM]>.

Find a Grave Inc., Find A Grave, Ellen Jane Wilson (1849-1926) gravestone photograph, Kokomo, Howard Co., Ind.<; [CM]>.

Explanation of variations from Mills:

Since this template is a synthesis of several sources, "variations from Mills" is not an obvious concept.  There are some comments that should be made, however.

1. The template in EE does not include the name of the cemetery.  The consensus of online discussions was that the name of the cemetery should be included.
2. The EE template does not include any copyright information on the photographer.  Again, the consensus was that this information should be included.
3. This template does not include information on the person submitting the Find A Grave memorial.  There was no consensus on whether or not this information should appear in this citation.  Since one could argue that we are citing the digital image, the name of the person submitting the memorial might be considered unnecessary.  As is, this template would work well for online sources other than Find A Grave.
4. What information should be put in the [DATE] field in the bibliography is a little problematical, since there may be three possible years: the date the original database entry/memorial was posted; the date the photograph was posted; or the date the image was viewed.
5. Note that [CD1] begins with the subject's name.  This avoids capitalization problems if the order of elements in this template is ever changed.  Mills begins with the type of document.

TMG notes:

1. This template uses [REPOSITORY] and [REPOSITORY ADDRESS] for the name of the website and its URL.  This makes great sense for large websites like Find A Grave and Virtual Cemetery.  If the image comes from a single-page website, this isn't an obvious choice.  If you choose to change this to [WEBSITE] and [URL], you will need to create an alternate URL source element.  There is a conflict between [URL] and [COUNTY].
2. As presented, this template includes the word "County" as a word constant.  You may want to delete that and enter County in the data field.

New source elements in this template:

1. All custom elements have already been created.
   

Citing a Cemetery Marker (Rural)

Cemetery Marker (Rural) (Duplicates Mills, EE, 5.13 and QuickCheck Model, p. 213)

• Bibliography (Source List Entry):

[CEMETERY] (<[COUNTY]><, [STATE]><; [MEMO1]>). <[RECORD TYPE]>.

Harvey Cemetery (Breathitt County, Kentucky; 0.1 miles E of Hardshell off Route 476). Grave markers.

• Full footnote (First Reference Note):

[CEMETERY] (<[COUNTY]><, [STATE]><; [MEMO1]>)<, [CD]><; [FORMAT]>< by [READER],>< [DATE]><; [CM]>.

Harvey Cemetery (Breathitt County, Kentucky; 0.1 miles E of Hardshell off Route 476), Joseph Fugate marker; photographed by Angela Lansbury, 6 August 2008<; [CM]>.

• Short footnote (Subsequent Note):

[CEMETERY]< ([SHORT LOCATION])><, [CD]><; [CM]>.

Harvey Cemetery (Breathitt Co., Ky.), Joseph Fugate marker<; [CM]>.

Explanation of variations from Mills and TMG notes:

1. No variations noted.
2. Enter directions to the cemetery in [MEMO1], reserving [MEMO2] for any additional comments about the cemetery you wish to record.
3. [CD] and [CD1] are synonymous, so any additional split citation detail entries don't affect the output of this template.  Of course, you could always modify the template.

New source elements in this template:

1. No new source elements.

Citing a Cemetery Marker (Urban)

Cemetery Marker (Urban) (Duplicates Mills, EE, 5.15 and QuickCheck Model, p. 214)

• Bibliography (Source List Entry):

[CEMETERY] (<[CITY], ><[COUNTY], ><[STATE]>). ><[RECORD TYPE]<. [MEMO]>.

Oak Woods Cemetery Association (Chicago, Cook County, Illinois). Grave markers and burial records.

• Full footnote (First Reference Note):

[CEMETERY] (<[CITY], ><[COUNTY], ><[STATE]>)<, [CD1]><, [CD2]><; [FORMAT]><>< [DATE]><; [CM]>.

Oak Woods Cemetery Association (Chicago, Cook County, Illinois), Frances H. Johnston grave marker, Section I, division 1, lot 876, plot 9; photographed by Susan Goss Johnston, 10 March 1987<; [CM]>.

• Short footnote (Subsequent Note):

[CEMETERY]< ([SHORT LOCATION])><, [CD1]><; [CM]>.

Oak Woods Cemetery Association (Chicago, Ill.), Frances H. Johnston grave marker.

Explanation of variations from Mills:

1. Mills' example has only the year entered in the date field. Since I was the person who visited this cemetery, I entered the day I was there. If I made multiple visits to the cemetery, I enter the month and year or the year alone. When my research at a cemetery spans multiple years, I'm currently entering the year range in this field. (The exact date of a visit is entered in [CD3].)

New source elements in this template:

1. Cemetery (in Title)
2. City (in Publisher)

Citing the U.S. Census (Digital)

U.S. census, digital online (Duplicates Mills, EE, QuickCheck Model, p. 240, and the QuickSheet, "Citing Ancestry.com Databases & Images Evidence! Style," 1st revised edition, 2010)

• Bibliography (Source List Entry):

[STATE]. [COUNTY]. [CENSUS ID]<, [SCHEDULE]>. Digital images. [ITAL:][REPOSITORY][:ITAL]. [REPOSITORY ADDRESS] : [YEAR].

Tennessee. Carter County. 1850 U.S. census, population schedule. Digital images. Ancestry.com http://www.ancestry.com : 2009.

• Full footnote (First Reference Note):

[CENSUS ID], [COUNTY], [STATE]<, [SCHEDULE]>, [CD2], [CD1]; digital image, [ITAL:][REPOSITORY][:ITAL] ([REPOSITORY ADDRESS] : accessed [CD3]); citing NARA microfilm publication [FILM NUMBER], roll [ROLL NUMBER]<; [CM]>.

1850 U.S. census, Carter County, Tennessee, population schedule, 8th Civil District, p. 210 (stamped), dwell. 45, fam. 45, John Elexander; digital image, Ancestry.com (http://www.ancestry.com : accessed 20 March 2010); citing NARA microfilm publication M432, roll 873<; [CM]>.

• Short footnote (Subsequent Note):

[CENSUS ID], [SHORT LOCATION], [CD2], [CD1]<; [CM]>.

1850 U.S. census, Carter Co., Tenn., pop. sch., 8th Civil District, p. 210 (stamped), dwell. 45, fam. 45, John Elexander<; [CM]>.

Explanation of variations from Mills:

1. Without going to lots of split citations, I see no easy way to use the full words "dwelling" and "family" in the full footnote and the abbreviations "dwell." and "fam." in the short footnote. Since the full footnote appears only once, it's easier to edit that in a report, if desired.
2. Two elements in this template need to be discussed. We use [REPOSITORY] and [REPOSITORY ADDRESS] instead of [WEBSITE] and [URL]. Since most of the digital census images we will be citing come from websites that offer many databases, we'll be citing those websites and their URLs over and over again. This way, we can enter the information once, and use the same information in many sources. Mills cautions against this in EE, p. 58, stating that if a website's name is placed in the repository, "the software might automatically omit it in printing out reference notes." Since our templates control what TMG prints, we don't need to worry about this.
   
3. In the Bibliography, the year refers to the year the digital material was created/posted. If this information cannot be found, Mills says record the year accessed. (EE, 6.12, p. 263)

New source elements in this template:

1. All elements in this template are standard or were created in the previous template.

Citing the U.S. Census (Microfilm)

We most often see the U.S. census in two forms: the microfilm version and the digital version. Those two templates are presented here. Both assume the microfilm roll as the basic unit. Note that the template contains extensive reminders not included in this post. For a brief discussion of lumpers vs. splitters, see "The Great Census Debate."

U.S. census, microfilm (EE QuickCheck models, pp. 247, 248, 250)

• Bibliography (Source List Entry):

[STATE]. [COUNTY]. [CENSUS ID]<, [SCHEDULE]>. NARA microfilm publication [FILM NUMBER], roll [ROLL NUMBER]. [PUBLICATION PLACE]: [PUBLISHER], [YEAR].

Tennessee. Carter County. 1850 U.S. census, population schedule. NARA microfilm publication M432, roll 873. Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, n.d.

• Full footnote (First Reference Note):

[CENSUS ID], [COUNTY], [STATE]<, [SCHEDULE]>, [CD2], [CD1]; NARA microfilm publication [FILM NUMBER], roll [ROLL NUMBER]<; [CM]>.

1850 U.S. census, Carter County, Tennessee, population schedule, 8th Civil District, p. 210 (stamped), dwell. 45, fam. 45, John Elexander household; NARA microfilm publication M432, roll 873<; [CM]>.

• Short footnote (Subsequent Note):

[CENSUS ID], [SHORT LOCATION], [CD2], [CD1]<; [CM]>.

1850 U.S. census, Carter Co., Tenn., pop. sch., 8th Civil District, p. 210 (stamped), dwell. 45, fam. 45, John Elexander household<; [CM]>.

Explanation of variations from Mills:

1. Without going to lots of split citations, I don't have an easy way to use the full words "dwelling" and "family" in the full footnote and the abbreviations "dwell." and "fam." in the short footnote. Since the full footnote appears only once, it's easier to edit that in a report, if desired.
2. Mills usually omits the word "household," unless the citation refers to the entire household and it's not clear in the text. If this citation refers to the census household, I would include the word. If it refers to age, occupation, etc. of an individual in that household, just enter the individual's name in the citation detail.

New source elements in this template:

1. Year (in Date)
2. State (in Location)
3. Publication Place (in Publisher Location)
4. County (in Second Location)
5. Roll Number (in Pages)
6. Schedule (in Record Type)
7. Census ID (in Edition)
8. Short Location (in Short Title)